The response you are likely looking for is the CRUSADES, but the reality is much more complex and depends what timeframe you are talking about:
600s-700s
Most European powers did not engage with Muslim armies during the main period of Islamic westward expansion. The main country to suffer losses was the Byzantine Empire which lost over two thirds of its territory to Muslim armies. Its forces had been substantially weakened by decades of war with the neighboring Sassanids of Persia and so the military response by the Byzantines was limited at best and abysmal at the worst. The only other European power that suffered major losses during the Islamic westward expansion was Visigothic Spain. The Visigoths were in the middle of a dynastic dispute and the weaker party invited the Muslims into Spain to help balance his forces. The Muslims defeated the stronger contender, turned on their "ally", and proceeded to conquer almost all of the former Visigothic territory. The French Kingdoms rallied together to halt the Muslim armies at Tours, France to prevent the loss of their kingdoms as well.
1000s
The response you are looking for is the Crusades, although Islamic expansion near Europe (in terms of territories acquired by Islamic States) was minimal during this period. It just so happened that the historic and strategic importance of Constantinople (Istanbul today) galvanized many Europeans to fight on behalf of the beleaguered Byzantines and the Pope's speeches "legitimized" the war.
it is the perspective of a rebirth
The expansion of colonialism refers to establishing new colonies by various European powers. This process ended by the 20th century.
tension and conflict among colonial powers
After the Spaniards, various European powers such as the Dutch, British, and French began establishing colonies in different parts of the world. This period marked the era of European colonial expansion and dominance.
What is meant by expressed national powers? Implied powers? Inherent powers? How have each of these powers contributed to expansion of the national government?
...European powers... European is the adjective, modifying the word powers; but it should be capitalized.
European expansion led to significant political transformations both in Europe and the territories it colonized. It facilitated the rise of powerful nation-states, as European powers competed for overseas territories, often leading to conflicts and alliances that shaped international relations. In colonized regions, European expansion imposed new political systems, disrupted indigenous governance structures, and often resulted in the exploitation and marginalization of local populations. Additionally, the expansion fueled ideologies such as imperialism and nationalism, further influencing global politics and power dynamics.
Some specific European countries that sent explorers to the Americas include Spain, Portugal, England, France, and the Netherlands. These explorers were instrumental in the colonization and expansion of European powers in the Americas.
European expansion significantly transformed European society by fostering economic growth through the influx of wealth from colonies, which stimulated trade and commerce. It also led to increased cultural exchange and the spread of ideas, as new goods and knowledge from different parts of the world entered Europe. However, this expansion also contributed to social inequalities and tensions, as the exploitation of colonized peoples and resources often led to moral and ethical dilemmas within European societies. Additionally, the rise of nationalism and competition among European powers intensified as a result of colonial rivalries.
Islamic history has involved expansion, conquest and colonization across North Africa and Eurasia. The Turks, as in the Ottomans, Seljuks were set of Islamic imperial powers. The Mongols-Moghuls hordes and the Arab Caliphates were another.
European nations became extremely aggressive in the years between 1800 and 1914. They were able to take advantage of their economic and military powers to expand over the globe. The expansion saw Europeans occupy or control 38% of the world in 1800. By 1878, the figure rose to a staggering 67%. Finally by 1914, European expansionism rose to where 84 % of the world was either occupied or controlled by European powers.
Italy and Germany did not secure the most advantageous colonies during the era of European colonialism because they were relatively late in establishing their colonial empires compared to other European powers like Britain and France. Additionally, they faced competition from established colonial powers and had limited resources and experience in overseas expansion.