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The crisis in Berlin in 1948-49 was due to Communist expansion in Europe. Germany was occupied by the 4 Powers (England, France, America, & Russia) as was the CITY of Berlin. It was at this time that Russia was consolidating its power throughout Eastern Europe starting with Poland and Czechoslovakia, Hungary Romania etc. Since Russia already controlled the eastern portion of Germany(East Germany) and Berlin was located in the middle of their territory, the Russians felt the Western powers,with a little pressure, would cede Berlin over to them since the West was demobilized and under prepared for another war. But when the Western powers , specifically the US & UK, didn't back down and threatened to nuke Russia instead, the Russians blockaded the city under the guise of "doing maintenance on the roads and rails". (Remember, the Russians didn't have the bomb yet). This blockade cut off all food, medical supples, gasoline and coal. Berlin, still in chaos from the war, was devastated and the citizen of the city were threatened with extinction. Because the military was allowed access through narrow air corridors, they came up with the idea to save the city via the now famous "Berlin Airlift".

Source(s):Google up "Berlin Airlift-History"
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What was the Berlin crisis of 1961?

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