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Numerous Muslim Empires have conquered "the Holy Land". Most Muslims conquered it from other Muslims, since the various Muslim empires often fought one another. There were only three cases where Muslims took the land from non-Muslims:

(1) In 634-638 C.E. Caliph Omar led the conquest of the Levant from the Byzantine Empire.

(2) In 1291 C.E. Saladin the Ayyubite defeated the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem to restore Islamic control of the Holy Land. (They had lost it to the Crusaders in 1099 C.E.)

(3) In 1949 C.E. Armies of Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, and Syria all claimed parts of the Holy Land which had previously been administered by the British.

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