Why does Europe have feudalism and why does it end?

Answer 1

Feudalism in Europe emerged after the fall of the Roman Empire, as a response to the need for security and stability in a fragmented political landscape. Land was granted in exchange for service, creating a hierarchical system of lords and vassals. The decline of feudalism occurred due to factors like the rise of centralized monarchies, the growth of trade and towns, and the impact of the Black Death, which reduced the labor force and empowered peasants to demand better conditions. As these changes fostered a more modern economic and political structure, feudal relationships gradually diminished.