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Earl Warren was a candidate for the 1952 Republican Presidential primary. The reigning Governor of California was considered a favorite ahead of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who had made his career in the military. According to rumor, Warren agreed to withdraw from the Primary to support Eisenhower, on the condition that, if Eisenhower won the Presidency, Warren be appointed to the first available Supreme Court position.

Eisenhower ultimately won, and nominated Warren to replace Chief Justice Fred Vinson, who died in office in September 1953. Eisenhower was quickly confirmed and assumed his seat in October 1953, less than one month later. He lead the Court from October 1953 until his retirement in June 1969. Warren announced his retirement prior to the 1968 Presidential election in order to prevent the conservative President Nixon from appointing his successor.

During his tenure, Warren presided over several landmark cases, such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), Miranda v. Arizona (1966), and Loving v. Virginia (1967).

He also chaired The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, commonly known as the "Warren Commission," which investigated the death of the former president. The 888 page report, released in September 1964, concluded Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone in killing Kennedy, a controversial finding that has been challenged numerous times.

Prior to becoming Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court, Warren was Republican Thomas Dewey's 1948 Vice-Presidential running mate. The popular press believed Dewey would win. The Chicago Tribune was so confident, its first post-election headline read "Dewey Defeats Truman!" The Tribune had only distributed a few hundred copies of the paper when it became clear Truman had, in fact, been the winner.

After being defeated, Warren returned to the California, where he resumed governing the state to which he'd first been elected in 1943. Warren was immensely popular during a most prosperous era in California history, and was instrumental in strengthening the California University system, which is still held in high regard today. Warren is the only person ever to be elected California governor for three successive terms.

Prior to the Governorship, Warren was nominated as California state Attorney General by the Republican, Democratic and Independent parties, an unprecedented vote of confidence from electors of disparate political ideologies. He held office from 1939 until 1943, when he was elected Governor of the state.

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