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There was no single case that ended segregation as a whole; the Civil Rights Movement gained ground a little at a time over the course of many cases, and with the assistance of long overdue legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1968, etc.

The case most often identified with the end of segregation is Brown v. Board of Education, (1954), where the US Supreme Court declared the "separate but equal" doctrine affirmed in Plessy v. Ferguson, (1896) unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause. The decision in Brown only dealt with segregation in the public schools, not in every aspect of life, but it laid a foundation for future decisions and laws that eventually ended legal segregation.

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Coby Schumm

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