The European scramble for colonies in Africa began in earnest during the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885. This conference, convened by Otto Von Bismarck of Germany, aimed to regulate European colonization and trade in Africa, leading to the partitioning of the continent among various European powers. The competition for resources, markets, and strategic advantage spurred nations to claim vast territories, often disregarding existing African societies and borders. This marked the start of intense imperialist expansion that dramatically reshaped Africa's political and social landscape.
Without a doubt, European colonies became more numerous and supplied wealth to European colonial powers. Better technologies and more aggression increased in the era between 1880 and 1914. It can be said with some risk, that if Germany had long before began a colonial empire their chances in WW 1 would have been better.
World War II was a turning point for many European colonies in Africa and Asia because it weakened European powers both economically and militarily, diminishing their ability to maintain control over their territories. The war also fostered nationalistic movements, as colonial subjects sought independence inspired by the principles of self-determination and the contradictions of fighting for freedom while being oppressed. Additionally, the establishment of the United Nations and its emphasis on decolonization created a framework that supported the push for independence in various regions. As a result, many colonies began to gain independence in the years following the war.
The city of Berlin, Germany was the site of the Berlin Conference from November, 1884 to February, 1885, during which European countries negotiated colonial boundaries and trade during the "Scramble for Africa" (New Imperialism) that began around 1880.
The first country to bring enslaved Africans to the Americas was Spain, which began importing enslaved Africans to its colonies in the early 16th century, around the 1500s. This practice was established to meet labor demands in the colonies, particularly in sugar production. The transatlantic slave trade expanded significantly over the following centuries, with other European nations, including Portugal, England, and France, also participating in the trade.
East Africa began trading with other regions long before European colonization. Evidence of trade networks with nations in Arabia, along the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea is found in Greek writings.
European countries sent explorers to claim land in the continent. Citizens from these countries then began settling in these colonies.
1870
Beginning the late 19th century people in European colonies in India, Africa and China began to bristle at outside rule. They fought hard for their independence.
Mali
Colonies began fighting to overthrow colonial control over their governments
mercantilism
There was no impact. It was BEFORE the English began to have colonies in the 1600's.
Prior to WW2, England had several colonies in Africa. They wanted to maintain security of the Suez Canal. After Italy gained control of the disputed countries in the Eastern edge of Africa, they began to attack British colonies.
Portugal began to establish trading posts in Africa in the early 1400s.
After the Spaniards, various European powers such as the Dutch, British, and French began establishing colonies in different parts of the world. This period marked the era of European colonial expansion and dominance.
When the colonies began in 1607 with Jamestown and 1620 with the founding of Plymouth there were no states. The US didn't exist until 1789 with the signed constitution. The 13 colonies were settled by the English.
European explorers began to use gunpowder in order to take slaves captive. This was first done on the continent of Africa.