State laws differ on that issue. You need to check the laws in your particular jurisdiction.
yes you can
Yes, you have to state that you are married and the spouses name. They have a right to the property and it cannot be sold without their permission.
no
No. However, if the married couple reside in a community property state it does not matter if one or both spouses are named on a loan contract. In community property states all debts that are incurred in the marriage are equally owed by both spouses regardless of which one is the named debtor.
You cannot make any changes to the other owner's interest in the property without that owner's consent and signature. For example, if you sell the property the grantee will only receive your own one-half interest.
Any asset which has his signature on it. The house, the car, any large item that he purchased (with or without you) is part of his estate. State probate laws determine what is exempt and what is not when it pertains to any estate. If the married couple lived in a community property state all property acquired during the marriage is equally owned regardless of title wording. If the married couple did not reside in a CP state probate laws take precedence with the default laws applying if the person died intestate.
No. A marriage license is a legal contract.
No, not until you are 18.
None unless there is a court order.
No, you are still entitled to all of your property unless the court says otherwise.
You can't remove them from the deed. They own an interest in the property and if you die they will own 100% automatically. You cannot sell or mortgage without their signature. If you want your property back in your name alone the co-owner must convey their interest back to you voluntarily by signing a deed.
California is a community property state. Your husband may need your signature to sell his property if it was not titled as "separate property". Property acquired after marriage may become community property depending on the source. If the property was inherited then you may have no claim. However, if the property was purchased then the following passage may apply: "In California, any assets that are acquired during marriage become community property, (i.e., belonging to both spouses), unless they are specifically acquired as separate property. Real property that is conveyed to a married man or woman is considered community property, unless it is stated otherwise. In order for a married individual to acquire title in his or her name only, the spouse must relinquish all right, title and interest to the property. Usually, this is done by executing a Quitclaim Deed to the property, which is recorded concurrently with the deed to the property." You should seek the advice of an attorney.