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It is the name Aristotle gave the great southern lands that he theorized must exist in order for the spherical earth to maintain geophysical balance. We now call that land Antartica. Arktos is the "the bear" constalation over the northern continents, and antarktikos- is the opposite of the bear.
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What is the meaning of Antarktikos?
The name Antarctica comes from the Ancient Greeks. The Greeks called a constellation of stars in the northern sky Arktos, meaning 'the bear'. This constellation pointed to the North Star, so the Ancient Greeks named the southern continent they believed existed Antarktikos, meaning the opposite of Arktos.
Who named the seven continents?
Europe was named by the ancient Greeks after their mythological character, Europa.Asia was named by the ancient Greeks after their mythological character, Asia.Africa was a name of ancient Roman province which then became to mean the whole continent, which the Greeks had calledLibya.Americawas named by a German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller after an Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci in 1507.Australia name comes from Terra australis incognita, "unknown southern land" in latin, the term was known in the ancient times, even though Australia wasn't known to the ancients.Sir Richard Hakluyt, and English writernamed it Australia after the term in 1625.Antarctica is a latinised version of a greek term antarktiké, feminine of antarktikos, meaning "opposite to the Arctic", opposite to the north. The continent was named by a Scottish cartographer John George Bartholomew in 1890s.
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