Thermocouple is most likely the problem but it also can be wind and draft which blows out the pilot light and very rare it can be you have a air pocket in your line or sometimes condensation can drip on the pilot. If you have a flame when starting the pilot light as you are pushing down on a non forced air gas water heater and the pilot goes out after you release the pilot handle then 90 out of a 100 times its your Thermocouple. If you have a forced air tank type gas water heater it can be a lot more sophisticated and I recommend you read your manual trouble shoot guide and follow those steps for YOUR specific water heater.
In m y experience the water's hot, the thermostat's been turned down, the temperature relay needs to be replaced, its blowing fuses or has reached the end of its life
IT turns the heater on and off!
You set a heater to a certain temperature and when it reaches that it turns off.
because you touch yourself at night
YES and No Yes if you are going to be working on the gas water heater and No if you are working on a cold water line and if you are working on a hot water line you can shut off the gas or electric to the water heater so in case your water heater drains but what I usually do is just turn the water heater's water supply valve off.
Because when you turn on the cold tap on you reduce the pressure on the cold feed to the water heater and it turns it off (a bit like tricking it into thinking the hot tap has been turned off) and turns the gas supply off. I'd guess you have an older type heater that uses a diaphragm to open the gas valve. It should be an straight forward job for your gas fitter.
Not if the water heater is electric
There is a thermostat inside an accessible panel on the hot water heater. The panel is typically secured by two screws. When the temperature goes below the set level the heater turns on. You'll either see a specific temperature or just an adjustment that says hotter. Some installations have an external timer that might turn off the hot water heater between midnight and 5AM, for example.
If you have your own water heater there should be a shut off at the heater. If not I would look under the kitchen sink. There may be shut off valves at each fixture. If there is a central water heater in the basement, there would be a shut off to each unit.
What heater? heater in your house? heater in your water bowl? There is probably salt and/or other minerals on the heater that he is licking off.
makes the water stay at the set temperature longer plus keeps the water heater off longer.
Same as any hot water heater. Turn the gas valve to off.
It is due to a thermostat. This is a switch that senses a change in temperature. When it gets cold, it turns on the heater. When it warms up, it turns off.