A carrier is used to make the wavelength smaller for practical transmission and to permit multiplexing.
The spectrum is used to measure bandwidth (the range of frequencies) and the efficiency (the power in the side-bands compared to the total power)
Bandwidth can be predicted using BW = 2 fm where fm = the maximum modulating frequency
Efficiency depends only on the modulating index, m (the fraction of the carrier you modulate by)
AM is limited to 33% efficiency because the modulation index cannot be increased to > 1.0 without introducing distortion in the receiver.
Amplitude modulation (AM) allows for simpler receivers. In the early days of radio communication, that was important. The AM signal can be readily demodulated with a diode and a R-C filter. This is the "crystal radio" that is a common simple experiment that kids interested in electronics will do.
AM is wasteful, in terms of bandwidth, because it occupies twice the bandwidh of the modulation signal. It is wasteful, in terms of power, because it transmits the carrier along with the sidebands. AM is more susceptible to interference from noise sources than FM, and that is why AM radio has declined for music broadcasting.
nonlinear device modulation is a process which imparts to sinusoidal two or more amplitude levels.
micxingthe between the phasr and frepaancy shift keying
Please define which limitation is being addressed here.
AM means Amplitude(=height) modulation, so the frequency stays the same and the message is coded into variations of the strength of the signal. FM stands for Frequency modulation. Here the strength of the signal stays the same and the message is coded into changes in frequency instead.
what are the advantages of amplitude modulation over frequency modulation?
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AM - Amplitude Modulation FM - Frequency Modulation
QAM is a combination of phase modulation & amplitude modulation.
In amplitude modulation, modulation depth refers to the ratio of the unmodulated carrier amplitude to the amplitude deviation for which the modulated carrier wave reaches its minimum value. If this minimum value is zero, the modulation depth is 100%.For amplitude modulation,modulation depth = (a-b)/(a+b),wherea is the unmodulated carrier amplitude, andb is the minimum amplitude deviation.The modulation depth ratio is also referred to as the modulation index.
amplitude modulation is where we modulate our signal with a carrier signal amplitude changes but frequency remains constant in amplitude modulation
Frequency modulation have some advantages over amplitude modulation, FM is not sensitive to the amplitude noise, and have high efficient use of transmitted power
Normal frequency range for amplitude modulation is 550kHz to 1610kHz
In amplitude modulation, modulation depth refers to the ratio of the unmodulated carrier amplitude to the amplitude deviation for which the modulated carrier wave reaches its minimum value. If this minimum value is zero, the modulation depth is 100%.For amplitude modulation,modulation depth = (a-b)/(a+b),wherea is the unmodulated carrier amplitude, andb is the minimum amplitude deviation.The modulation depth ratio is also referred to as the modulation index.
Amplitude modulation is a method of sending information by modifying the intensity of a carrier wave.
the maximum amplitude of carrier wave varied with respect to instantaneous values of message signal is called amplitude modulation
Amplitude Modulation (AM) Frequency Modulation (FM)
AM imply amplitude modulation of a carrier signal