This website gives a fair rundown: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_demography#Demography_of_the_Roman_Empire
Addendum: It is hard to say with any real accuracy, since slaves (and sometimes common women) were not always included in many of the census counts still extant. It is guesstimated by many scholars that the total population of the city of Rome in the later 1st Century C.E. could have been as much as 1-million. This is also thought to be true for a few of the other great cities of the era, particularly re Alexandria, Egypt...
I am not an expert, but I have heard that the population of the world in the first century was around 200 million.
European countries and Rome.
Rome
It is not known for sure. The estimate for the population of Rome in the early 1st century BC and early 1st century BC was 900,000. The peak population of the city is estimated at 1-1.4 million. These are very large figures for times when world population levels were far lower. Rome was the biggest city in the world.
First century Rome was ruled by Ceasar with an iron fist.
Bioterrorism was first used in ancient rome in the 6th century
Rome
150,000
i believe the population of rome is aprpox:2,628,000
The population size of the city of Rome at the time of Julius Caesar is uncertain. He was born in 100 BC. According to some estimates the city of Rome in the 1st century BC had 900,000 inhabitants. Later, at its biggest the city of Rome reached 1-1,4 million. This was a mind boggling at for the time. The first city toreach1 million in western Europe after the Roman days wasLondon This was in the 19th century!
First century Jerusalem had a population of about 125,000 people.
As the name suggests, the first of three wars, spanning over a century, between Rome and Carthate in the Second and First Century BCE.
The first basilica built in ancient Rome was in the early 2nd century BC. It was called the Basilica Aemilia.