It was not a single ship, but a fleet consisting of eleven ships. It was called the First Fleet.
They were simply called "convicts".
The first convicts were sent to Australia on the First Fleet, which consisted of eleven ships. Subsequent convicts were also sent on ships, as that was the only method for transporting any cargo overseas. There were no aeroplanes.
Transportation.
The first people sent to colonise Australia were convicts and the officers and marines sent to supervise them.
Convicts were sent to Australia by England.
There were no convicts sent to Darwin. Darwin was only established some time after transportation of convicts to Australia ceased.
No. The English also sent convicts to Australia, but they stopped doing that and started sending them to Australia because America became an independent nation.
The first Europeans sent to Ausrralia were British convicts, along with the officers and marines sent to guard them and establish a new colony.
Criminals were not sent to Australia in 1900. Transportation of convicts was abolished in Australia in the 1848.
why didnt many convicts return to England
The majority of the early convicts sent to Australia were harmless petty thieves, and political prisoners. It was only after the first few fleets that more violent criminals began to be transported as well, in the early 1800s.
Convicts first landed in Sydney, New South Wales. Later, they were also sent to colonies in Tasmania, Moreton Bay and the Swan River (Western Australia).