What would have happened if the Berbers continued to fight the Muslims?

Answer 1

No one knows, but if we imagine...

If the Amazigh (Berbers) had opposed the Arab Muslim military advance over the Maghreb, it is likely that they eventually would have been subdued due to the immense number of Muslims in Egypt that would feed into the expansion (similar to how the vast population of Iran and Khorasan eventually led to Muslim conquests of India). However, it is unlikely that there would have been any Muslim invasion of Spain, especially since the Amazigh were the dominant force in those campaigns. There certainly would not have been any attempt to push further into the European continent (such as a conquest of France). It is also unlikely that an amphibious assault on Sicily would have been launched due to the need to concentrate efforts in the Maghreb. Islam also would have spread much more slowly in North Africa as it was as a result of interactions with the Amazigh that the many places in North and West Africa converted to Islam.

As a major consequence, there would not have been a method for Greek manuscripts preserved in the Arab World to effectively migrate to Europe, which may have forestalled or delayed the Renaissance and Scientific Revolution.

As for religion, the Amazigh were a mix of polytheists, henotheists, Jews, and Donatist Christians before the Islamic conquest and had the Muslim invasion been resisted, many of these groups would likely have survived for a longer period of time.

Answer 2

If the Berbers continued to fight the Muslims, it is likely that the Islamic conquest of North Africa would have faced greater resistance and taken longer to complete. This resistance could have potentially weakened the Muslim forces and delayed the spread of Islam in the region.