Recent examples include the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center inManhattan in 2001, the 2003 North America blackout and Hurricane Katrina in September 2005, where amateur radio was used to coordinate disaster relief activities when other systems failed.
On September 2, 2004, ham radio was used to inform weather forecasters with information on Hurricane Frances live from the Bahamas. On December 26, 2004, an earthquake and resulting tsunami across the Indian ocean wiped out all communications with the Andaman Islands, except for a DX-pedition that provided a means to coordinate relief efforts. Recently, Amateur Radio operators in the People's Republic of China provided emergency communications after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake and U.S. hams did similar work following Hurricane Ike.
source:Wikipedia
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Ham (Amateur) radio is not used by the government for any official purpose.
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If a town were to lose power or a disaster strikes, there are assigned groups of people who are trained in these situations. In my hometown we have what is called 'A.R.E.S.' which is Amatuer Radio Emergency Service. It is all voluntary, and in order to be with an A.R.E.S. group, you need to have your ham radio license. I have included a link below to the ARRL Website which will explain in a lot more detail about A.R.E.S. and Ham Radio.
It is used in ham radio terms as a term for the wife of the ham operator.
Some alternative communication systems during a disaster include two-way radios, satellite phones, and hand signals. These allow rescuers to quickly coordinate their efforts and find victims.
You may have a Ham radio antenna anywhere in the US, unless there are restrictions as to its placement, such as in a condo or apartment. If you meant a Ham radio transmitter, then you must have a Ham license to operate it.
Ham radio is used daily woldwide. Emergency communications during hurricane Katrina is a good recent example. We were able to pass information into and out of New Orleans without any need for cell towers, phone lines, commercial power, internet etc. Ham radio works when nothing else does.
The government may utilize ham radio (technically defined as "Amateur Radio") during times of disaster, natural or man-made, to provide inter-agency emergency communications. Amateur Radio operators by law are not allowed to accept payment for their services, and as such, they are not government employees. There are several volunteer organizations that various government agencies may enlist to provide emergency communications, such as ARES, the Amateur Radio Emergency Service. For more information on how Ham Radio can help during disasters, visit http://www.emergencyradio.org/.
Communication to other hams via amateur radio to get weather reports is very critical. Using APRS, data from weather stations connected to amateur radios can be broadcasted.