Philosophers were to be those that showed great promise early in their physical and mental training. They were to be unrestrained by familial or political desire-being provided everything they need by public rearing. Thus they were to have no egotistical interests in running the state. Also, of course, they were to be philosophers- those that love wisdom, the seekers of unimpeded truth. Thus, they want nothing more than the well being of the state.
Plato believed that philosopher-kings, with their wisdom and love for truth, would govern with the best interests of the people in mind. He thought that their intellectual capacity and moral integrity would enable them to make rational decisions that lead to a just and harmonious society. Additionally, he argued that only philosophers can see the true Form of the Good, which would guide them in making the right choices for the common good.
According to Plato, the highest form of love is known as "agape," which is a selfless, unconditional love that transcends physical attraction or desire. It is a spiritual love that seeks the well-being and happiness of others, without expecting anything in return.
Plato advocated for a form of government called a "philosopher-king" or "aristocracy," where society is ruled by wise and virtuous philosophers who have the best interests of the people at heart. This form of government would prioritize the pursuit of truth, justice, and the common good.
In Plato's view, democracy is a flawed form of government marked by excessive freedoms and lacking in leadership by those with true wisdom and knowledge. Plato believed that democracy could easily devolve into mob rule and anarchy, leading to the rise of tyrants. He argued for a more structured and hierarchical form of government led by philosopher-kings.
In Plato's system of government, a timocracy is a society ruled by individuals who prioritize honor and ambition. It is characterized by a love of money and a strong emphasis on military service. Timocracy is considered the third-best form of government in Plato's ranking, following aristocracy and timocracy.
According to Plato, belief is the lowest form of cognition, representing opinions or beliefs that may not be backed by evidence or reasoning. Knowledge, on the other hand, is true, justified belief that is supported by reason and evidence, leading to certainty and understanding of the truth. Plato believed that true knowledge could only be attained through philosophical inquiry and the use of reason.
meritocracy
Aristotle believed a democracy was the best form of government ruled by the middle class. Plato did not believe average people were intelligent enough to make decisions about government.
Plato looked for the ideal government. Aristotle wanted to "consider, not only what form of government is best, but also what is possible and what is easily attainable."
Yes, Plato believed that a philosopher-king, who possessed both wisdom and knowledge, should be the ruler of the government in order to ensure the well-being of society. He argued that those who seek power for the sake of power are not fit to govern effectively.
It's in a play called Phaedrus by Plato. According to Socrates, it's an insanity gifted from the gods that gives people poetry, mysticism, love, and even philosophy itself.
Aristotle believed that forms, or universals, exist within individual objects in the physical world. He argued that forms are immanent in things themselves, rather than in a separate realm. These forms give objects their essential characteristics and define their nature.
Plato, as in, Plato's Republic.
Plato was critical of democracy, believing it tended to lead to chaos and instability. He preferred a system of government led by philosopher-kings who were guided by reason and wisdom, rather than the fluctuating opinions of the masses. Plato feared that democracy could easily be influenced by demagogues and lead to the tyranny of the majority.
Aristotle made nudity illegal, Plato thought nakedness was an attempt to stimulate 'the Good', his form of forms.
SEX
Plato and Aristotle developed deductive reasoning, which involves drawing logical conclusions based on a set of premises. This is a method of reasoning that is based on establishing certainty through a series of interconnected statements and arguments.
Plato's writing style is characterized by dialogues that feature Socratic questioning and the exploration of philosophical ideas through conversations between characters. He often uses allegories, myths, and metaphors to convey complex concepts and moral lessons in a thought-provoking manner. Plato's writings are known for their depth, precision, and emphasis on logical reasoning.