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Athens

One of the Ancient Greek city states, Athens has become the Capitol of Greece. It was home to Plato and Aristotle as well as a center of cultural activity up to the modern day.

500 Questions

Who valued choral dance and music Athens or Sparta?

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Both cities celebrated religious festivals with the male citizens singing and dancing for the gods.

The Athenian version morphed into plays which had dancing choruses.

How did life change for the Athenians during the Persian Wars?

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The Spartans:

- Continued their simple lifestyle of overseeing their territory, gymnastic and military exercises, enlivened by religious festivals, athletic games and other cultural activities.

- They did not farm as they had a subject population of serfs to do that, but had to keep watch to pre-empt uprisings.

- If ever they sent out a military expeditionary force, they each took seven serfs as light infantry, which coincidentally reduced the number of serfs left at home to reduce the risk of uprising while they were away.

- The adult males met regularly to vote on significant political policiesissues

-Boys were allotted supervisors to begin their military training.

- Women had freedon to participate in life and gymnastic exercises.

The Athenians:

- Had an empire to rule and parasite on when they converted the anti-Persian league cities into suppliers of money.

- They had the money, so they could afford to garrison some parts, established colonies for surplus population, manning a fleet of 100 ships to extort the payments from the cities, provide the extensive public service and juries (each jury 500 or more - thousands engaged each day).

- The men also had the religious festivals with plays and games, and acted the female parts in plays; the city-dwellers roamed gymnasiums, the markets and hung about gossiping in perfume shops after the gymn.

- Except for prostitutes and courtesans, women were treated as serfs - kept in virtual purdah - confined at home to work running household and farm, and excaping only for occasional womens' religious festivals.

- The rural population worked their farms and had a life of grinding poverty, barely able to sustain their families. Like the city dwellers, they were also liable to military service and regular training exercises.

- Old males predominated in the juries, collecting pay for the job and flocking to the courts to be selected for the day's work.

- All adult males were liable for military service and cold be called out for service at any time. They also were expected to attend the fortnightly assembly meetings to vote on political

- The entire male population benefited from the money of the empire, half of them in public service and the navy, all supported by the money collected, by force if necessary, from the cities of its empire.

Why was the period following the Persian Wars called the golden age of Athens?

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Athens turned the Delian League which it led against the Persian Empire into an empire of its own.and milked the 180 city-states of money to benefit itself promoting arts, learning, building and handouts to its own citizens - a golden age indeed.

Who was the man that ran from the Marathon plain to Athens?

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Phidippides, I believe. But you should probably check wikipedia...

Reality

There is a problem here - Pheidippides was dead by the time of the battle. He had run to Sparta to summon them to help Athens fight off the invading Persians. On his return after running nearly 200 miles, he died of exhaustion. Meanwhile the Athenians and Plataeans stayed in the hills around Marathon where the superior Persian cavalry could not get at them, waiting for the Spartans to arrive. On the tenth day, the Athenians saw the Persian cavalry being embarked on ships, and took the opportunity of running down and defeating the inferior Persian infantry on the plain, caught without their cavalry protection. After this battle, the Athenians realised where the Persian cavalry was being shipped to - around to Athens to disembark and gallop up through the gates opened by traitors. The whole Athenian army - all 18,000 - ran over the hills the 26 miles back to Athens and formed up in front of the city just as the Persian cavalry was disembarking. Frustrated, the Persians re-embarked and went home. It is this run by the 18,000 after whom the Marathon run of today commemorates, not the already dead Pheidippides as is commonly claimed by peddlers of a 'good story'. The real story is far more interesting and evocative of admiration. The reality of the 9,000's feat is enhanced by the fact that they ran in sandals carrying armour, shields and weapons, and their staple diet was bread. Rather different and more challenging compared to the conditions of today's pampered athletes. But with their city, property and families as the prize, they had a compelling incentive as well as unrivaled guts.

How boys taught in Athens?

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By their parents. The richer and smarter ones could later attend academies where they were taught by philosophers.

Who was considered a citizens in athens?

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only free men and they had to be in the government

How many women die from childbirth?

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It is impossible to get these statistics.

What was popular in Athens?

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Religious festivals and the plays which were part of them, government handouts of money and jobs paid for by the money mulcted from its empire, going to perfume shops for males which were gossip centres, art, military activity, baths, producing large families. A few enjoyed philosophical discussions.

What contribution did Athens make towards democracy?

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im sorry , did you mean what are three contributions of Greece to democracy? if so, it was Athens, (not all of Greece) who created democracy.

What Athens government like?

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The Athens goverments was like so not far

What is Athens citizenship like?

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The U.S. has a much broader citizenship base than Ancient Athens had. The be an Athenian, both of your parents had to be Athenian, if one of your parents were not, you were not. You had to be male; you had to have served a tour of duty in either the national guard or naval reserve, and you had to come from one of the recognized ruling aristocratic families. You did not absolutely have to own land, but most citizens did.

Where is Athens in Europe?

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Athens is the capital of Greece and is in the southeast of Europe. See the map below.

When is born an death of cleisthenes?

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Born in 570 B.C.E and died in 508 B.C.E

How might the history of Greece have changed if the Persians had succeeded at Marathon?

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Marathon was just the fight by the city-state of Athens to repel a Persian punitive expedition sent in response to Athens' meddling in supporting rebellions by Greek cities within the Persian empire. The intent of Persia was to instal an Athenian ex-tyrant Hippias to keep Athens under control. There was no plan to do anything to Greece, which comprised hundreds of independent city-states.

Failure at Marathon led the Persians to think that the only way to keep things quiet was to bring the city-states in mainland Greece within their empire and establish an ethnic frontier, so they invaded peninsula Greece ten years later. If this had succeded, we should remember that even under Persian rule, the Greek cities in Asia Minor prospered and maintained their identity, their cultural and scientific advances outpointing that of mainland Greece. They survived there until 1923 CE when evacuated at the end of the Turkis-Greek war which continued on after World War 1.

And of course there were the western Greeks of Italy, Sicily and the islands who would not have been under Persian rule.

It is interesting to note that more recenty mainland Greece spent hundreds of years under Ottoman Turk rule until it fought for and regained independence in 1832 CE. We just can't know for sure, but the Greeks were cultural survivors who would almost certainly have made a comeback against the Persians, just as they did 2,000 years later against the Turks.

What did Pericles do to prepare Athens for war?

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He persuaded them to stay inside the city walls rather than risk defeat by the stronger Peloponnesian forces in the open in an attempt to stop their fields being ravaged. The long walls, whose construction he had supervised over the previous two decades, also provided protected access to the sea, and so food could be imported from the Athenian empire during a siege, and the Athenian fleet in its ports could strike at the home cities of the besiegers in the absence of their armies.

Which city-state would you prefer Sparta or Athens?

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Athens because Sparta's didn't have good development.

What military advantages did Athens and Sparta have in the war?

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Persia provided funds for the Spartan alliance to raise a navy which could match the Athenian alliance navy.

What did the tyrants do for Athens?

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They brought a period of political stability desired by the majority of the people who wanted an end to aristocratic rule and infighting. After nearly 50 years it was time for a change, the tyrant was expelled, and there was a turn towards democracy.

How did the arts flourish during Spain's Golden Age?

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There was strong endorsement and patronage of the intellectual arts from the ruling Umayyad Dynasty. This allowed many intellectuals to develop their science, maths, philosophy, history, and artistry.

How did pericles make the Athens the center of all cultures?

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He had no such ambition. Athens was a small city in a big world, including a couple of thousand other Greek city-states.

He wanted to use the money extorted from Athens' empire to glorify Athens and spend on raising the Athenian living standards, both for the benefit of the citizens and to cement his own status as First Citizen in a volatile political environment.

What goddness was worshiped in Athens?

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athiena

What does Athens look like?

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Do a web search for images of Athens - there are plenty to inform you.

What was the method of passing laws for the ancient Athens?

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The citizens (male) met in assembly and voted to accept or reject eash law.