A force of 162 N, approx.
loj
The angle of incidence is ALWAYS equal to the angle of reflection, therefore the degree of the angle reflection is 55 degrees.
The angle of reflection is 40 degrees. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
40 DEGREES
The key is to recognize that "the angle of INCIDENCE is equal to the angle of REFLECTION", for an 'Elastic' collision. So the answer is 20 degrees.
they are all torque 20nm/15lbf ft then after all angle tightened 260 degrees
18 ft lbs then with torque angle meter on wrench turn 90 degrees 3 times. Use new head bolts they are torque to yield
After torqueing I would use a regular ratchet with the angle gauge so you don't damage or through off the torque wrench calibration.
90 degrees.
Cylinder head bolts Torgue wrench settings: Stage 1 ................ 25 Nm (18 lbf ft) Stage 2................. Angle-tighten a further 60 degrees Stage 3................. Angle-tighten a further 60 degrees Stage 4................. Angle-tighten a further 60 degrees USE NEW BOLTS
Some torque specs on head bolts require an additional angle torque after the initial foot pounds (or Nm) has been completed. Example, torque the head bolt down to 70 ft lbs then an additional 90 degrees. The torque gauge measures that 90 degrees for you so you can be accurate.
Oil bolt washers and threads lightly. stage 1: Torque all bolts to 30Nm stage 2: angle torque all bolts +90 degrees stage 3: angle torque all bolts +90 degrees
initially you tighten all bost to 28 newton metres then you angle tighten by 90 degrees leave for 5 mins and angle tighten by another 90 degrees this information was supplied to me by a trained rover mechanic i did it on my metro 1.1 on a j reg and it was fine
The specification calls for initial tightening to 14 ft/lbs of torque, then GM uses a torque angle specification of 30 degrees from there. This requires a special tool that mounts between the socket and the ratchet. It is indexed and one end is held in place with a clamp. The pointer is then "zeroed" and the bolt is tightened slowly until the pointer moves 30 degrees as measured by the special tool. Be careful...over tightening these bolts can pull the threads out of the cylinder head.
Torque is vector energy. Physicists have mistakenly defined energy as a scalar. Energy is a quaternion consisting of scalar energy (potential) and vector energy (torque). The units of torque is Joules or Newton meter, the same as work or energy..Here is the correct definition of Energy = FD = -F.D + FxD where F is force vector in Newtons and D is displacement vector in meters.F.D = - FDcos(Angle) is the Work or scalar energy and FxD=FDsin(Angle) is the Torque or vector energy. If the angle between the force and displacement is 90 degrees there is only torque; if the angle is a zero degrees there is only work or scalar energy ; if the angle is not a multiple of these two angles there is both scalar and vector energy; work and torque. E.g FD= -Fdcos(45) + Fd sin(45) gives work and torque.
17.4 ft-lb. - and make sure you put it back at the same angle the old sensor was.
A right angle is an angle of 90 degrees.