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Antibody

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Q: An antigen stimulates B cells to produce a specific what?
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When an antigen stimulates b or t cells these b or t cells produce identical lymphocytes called what?

plasma cells


What is the cell that produce antibodies to fight a specific antigen?

It is the B-cells.


Which of the following initiates an attack against a specific antigen or pathogen?

Plasma Cell initiate attacks against specific antigens. Plasma cells are B cells bearing specific antibodies for binding to a specific antigen.


What stimulates the kidney to produce red blood cells?

Kidney do NOT produce red blood cells (bone marrow does).


The y- shaped protein that is produced by plasma cells upon exposure to a specific antigen and can bind to that antigen is called a?

antibody


When IL-2 is secreted by antigen-specific T cells activated due to presentation of antigen by APCs What happens to naive antigen-nonspecific T cells in the vicinity?

They proliferate due to their exposure to IL-2


What other cells work with the parietal cell?

Mast cells and EC (enterochromaffin) cells produce histamine, which stimulates the parietal cell to produce hydrochloric acid.


Does erythropoietin help produce white blood cells?

No,it does not.It stimulates production of red blood cells.


What cells are responsible for synthesis of antibodies?

There are various cells and organs that plays a vital role in the production of antibodies. Primarily the white blood cells also called as lymphocytes converts to immunoblasts and then convert to plasma cells, from which the antibodies are thus produced. T-cells and B-cells are antigen specific and produce the antibodies based on the structure and pathogenticity of an antigen. The immune response varies from one antigen to the other.


How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?

Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.


In clonal selection of b cells which substance is responsible for determining which cells will eventually become cloned?

there are 100,000 antibodies on the surface of b-cells which are specific for particular type of antigen therefore if specific antibody recognize the particular type antigen then it attach with it and activated.


Why does a macrophage place antigens on its surface?

When a macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen, it phagocytizes it (or breaks it down) using enzymes. The fragments (called epitopes) of the original antigen are transported to the cell surface so that helper T-cells that specifically match the antigen can recognize it. When that happens, the helper-T cells are able to trigger a specific immune response to that exact antigen by stimulating more helper-T cells to be produced and by triggering B-cells to secrete antigen-specific antibodies that mark infected cells for destruction by killer T-cells.