yes
Well, if you are salaried in the sence that you do not swipe in an out before going to lunch, then it is already included. You will not get paid more for lunch.
Salaried employees can qualify for overtime based on their job duties - method of payment is irrelevant to that decision, only duties matter. Private employees can never get comp time in lieu of overtime. Government employees can't get comp time unless the employer offers it in a written policy. Governments cannot be compelled to offer comp time.
Exempt employees are 'exempt' from federal overtime rules and regulations, based on specific qualifications put forth by FLSA rules. (Executives, professionals, etc.) Non-Exempt employees are paid by the hour, and are subject to federal overtime rules (time and a half, for all hours worked over 40 in a pay week.) All hourly employees are non-exempt, all exempt employees are salaried, but not all salaried employees are exempt. Salaried employees must pass specific FLSA criteria to be categorized as 'Exempt', and therefore exempt from overtime rules.
If an employee is salaried then they have a fixed amount of pay per pay period so working fewer hours per week wouldn't change the pay. It wouldn't really make sense for a company to reduce the hours of salaried employees in order to save payroll costs. Salaried employees have reached a level of professionalism where they don't punch a time card. If someone is keeping track of hours for an employee, then they are most likely NOT salaried.
You can be, it depends. Whether or not you are a salaried employee is something that you should know based on the way you get paid and your work schedule. If you get paid hourly, you are not a salaried employee.Whether you are salaried depends on your job duties ... not on how often you get paid. All overtime exempt employees must be paid for full days. Still, one could work three or four days a week at a properly salaried exempt job and be a part-timer.
Requiring salaried employees, or even union employees, to use vacation time if they want to be paid during a plant shut down is a common practice, and therefore presumably acceptable. The specifics, of course, will depend on the specific jurisdiction in which the company is located and the employee works.
There are no state or federal laws that require your employer to offer health insurance. They can decide to offer plans to full time employees only. They can decide to offer to salaried employees only.
Time clocks are not required for employees. Hourly employees can track their time in any reasonable manner that management agrees to.
Employees required by job duties to travel during work hours are paid. Employees are not paid to commute to the day's first work site.
Now a days there are softwares available to track the employees time and attendance. It does not need any supervisors to manage it. Like ADP India there are many companies providing time and attendance software to efficiently track employees time.
No. Travel time is your own problem.