A: An IC it maybe 2" long but the silicon chip can be as small as a 3mm The rest of the real estate packaging in plastic ceramics whatever is there to provide support for the external connection pins and the wires welded inside of the silicon chip
A copper wire, small piece of nickel, a penny, dime, quarter...
they have differe.nt method of deposition of film of conducting material. Hence, the difference between two is their fabrication process.
A long time ago, after ways to make semiconductors were discovered - around 1955 - circuits were made by using a separate transistor to perform each function. That took a lot of real estate on a circuit board and meant severely decreased functionality when handling high frequencies. Nowadays all of those transistors and their associated circuit components can be laid out and etched into an area that is less than the size of the point of a pin, which is why they are called INTEGRATED CIRCUITS. The material that is used is a wafer of specially-prepared semiconductor material that has been doped differently in various nano-layers to allow the various circuit elements to be formed by selective etching.
Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistor-based circuits into a single chip. Etching is used to create ultra-fine circuit pathways in silicon wafers. While early techniques used a "wet" fluid to dissolve the unwanted material, newer techniques use "dry" plasma etching to remove wafer material.
Germanium cannot be used in any integrated circuit as its oxide is crumbly and water soluble (unlike silicon's oxide which is hard and stable). The only germanium integrated circuits ever made were very low density and the interconnects between components on the chip had to be done by hand under a microscope. There has been work done on integrated circuits using a silicon germanium alloy wafer, but this has not produced any production chips yet that I am aware of. If this can be made to work, I see no reason why this material could not be used in VLSI designs and even higher density designs.
Silicon is used for making most semiconductor devices today, so it is used for making microprocessors too. It is the only inexpensive, easy to process semiconductor material currently available to use in making integrated circuits. Germanium is not practical to make any type of integrated circuit for several reasons. Gallium arsenide can be used to make integrated circuits, but is too expensive and difficult to process for devices as complicated as microprocessors. Also there is the issue of arsenic toxicity during processing. Diamond offers possibilities as a semiconductor for very high temperature operation, but processing issues have yet to be worked out. Carbon nanotubes also offer possibilities for making semiconductor devices, but use in microprocessors is in the far distant future (if ever). An alloy of silicon and germanium offers many of the advantages of gallium arsenide but without the toxicity issue, but again many processing issues need to be worked out before it is practical to use.
chip
computer chips
A printed circuit board. abbrev- PCB. A PCB is thin copper attached to a non-conductive material. No, a printed circuit board is not a semiconducting material. Integrated circuits are created on a substrate, usually silicon or sapphire.
they are commonly called "chips".
We don't generally "etch" integrated circuits, but, rather, we "grow" them layer by layer on a silicon substrate.
integrated circuit
Integrated circuits are not really a material, so nothing is made out of them. If you are wondering what THEY are made out of, then nobody will really be able to tell you, as there is more than one way to do it. (Silicon and Zinc oxide to name a couple)
A semiconducting material that has been doped so that the charge carriers are 'holes'.
they have differe.nt method of deposition of film of conducting material. Hence, the difference between two is their fabrication process.
The micro chip is an amazing invention used to track dogs. These lost dogs can be scanned and returned to their owners.
diode is formed out from a semiconducting material by creating two electrode of positive and negative charges from anode and cathode
The no of electrons in the conduction band increases when the temperature of the semiconductor material increases. therefore resistance decreases. This is also know as "Negative temperature coefficient"