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A switch can either be on or off. Thus a switch is the most primitive method of representing a single binary digit (a bit). A single switch only has two possible states which we denote with the symbols 0 and 1. However an array of two switches has 4 possible states (00, 01, 10 and 11). These individual states are binary representations thus we can represent the state of an array of switches of any length using binary notation. In other words, we can use switches to represent digits. Thus any data that can be converted to some numerical representation can be represented digitally using nothing more than switches.

However, switches are just one way of representing binary digits in a computer. A computer's working memory (RAM) typically consists of a huge array of capacitors, each of which is paired with a transistor. The transistor is used to switch the state of the capacitor, either by filling it with an electric charge or emptying it of charge. Thus it acts very much like a switch, it is either on or off, a 1 or 0.

Any medium that can be used to differentiate between any two distinct states can be used to store binary data. Bar codes are simply a series of black and white stripes and are therefore a means of representing binary data which can be "read" optically. Magnetic medium can either be positively charged or negatively charged to produce an analogous electrical signal (the exact same signal that was used to create the polarity in the first place). Optical medium (laser discs, CD-ROM, DVD, etc) can either be pitted or not pitted by a laser (creating "pits" and "lands") which can be detected by another laser. A piece of card can have a hole punched at a specific position, allowing a pin to pass through and complete a circuit, creating a 1 bit. If there is no hole, the circuit remains open, creating a 0 bit. These are just a few simple examples of the many different ways we can store and retrieve binary data.

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Q: As computer understands binary language only so What is connection between electrical switches and computer?
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What language is built into the electrical circuitry of a computer?

Machine language


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Machine language is what the computer hardware understands. Everything else has to be translated to machine language before it can be executed.


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When you input to the computer anything than what is the computer processing?

When you input something, you are doing it in English or french or any preferred language but the computer just understands binary language. So, when we input something the computer is processing that piece of instruction into binary language and after that is sending you the output.


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What is binary language?

Binary is made up of 0's and 1's. Binary can also be called Machine Code. Binary is the 'language' that the computer understands.


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