Absolutely not!
If it is chamberd for it, yes.
It will fire the 30-30 win.marked ammo.This will be visable on the box of cartridges that you will buy.
.22 mag and .22 LR are not the same. So, no.
No.these are 2 very distinct cartridges,that are very different in length and power.The best thin to do is purchase a marlin model 94 cowboy in .45 colt,and then you will have the best of both worlds.
Marlin 31 is a shotgun. Marlin 81 is the rim fire .22.
No you cannot, the steel and manufacturing techniques in the late 1890's cannot handle the pressures of modern 'smokeless' rounds of today. The marlin 1889 and other firearms of that period fire blackpowder cartridges. And a number of ammo companies today sell blackpowder rounds for the Marlin 1889 and other firearms. You can go to midwayusa.com and other internet ammo sites to get it. However...before you fire any antique, get it checked over by a good gunsmith to make sure it is mechanically and otherwise safe to shoot.
No. You should never try to load or fire any ammo into a gun other than what it is designed to fire. A .44 caliber gun is designed to fire .44 caliber ammo.
9mm
if it's early production the bullet diameter is only .313. later production guns use a larger diameter bullet.
Brophy's book on Marlin History has sn information.
I am not sure, but most of what I have read on the net leads me to believe that Marlin made National fire arms designs after National fire arms closed down. I have a National Fire arms 12 ga. pump, and it has absolutely no markings that indicate marlin had anything to do with it.
Generally speaking, no, and, you should never try to fire any ammo from a gun other than what it is designed to fire. You may be able to get it to fire, but you could damage the gun or hurt yourself.