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You have the right to refuse a search of your car unless the officer has a valid search warrant or probable cause to believe there is evidence of a crime in your vehicle. However, it's important to comply with the officer's instructions to avoid escalating the situation.
No. The officer would have to have other reasons than a revoked consent. Revoking a consent does not lead to the officer having a 51%/ more likely than not justification that there is evidence of a crime. There has to be other factors that play into it. And even if he does have probable cause he would need to get the warrant and then continue the seach.
They must provide a judge with probable cause to do a search.
It depends on which state you live in, but for the most part, a search warrant is not needed if the following conditions are met: 1. There is a probable cause (i.e. the officer sees 6 sets of antlers poking out from under a tarp on your property) 2. The officer sees or obtains the probable cause legally (is it visible from the street, or did he/she observe you carrying out the elements of a crime) 3. The officer has the legal authority (i.e. is he/she a peace officer or otherwise authorized in your state) The officer can also get consent from the property owner by asking, then of course, a search warrant is not needed. Most investigators will not execute a search without a warrant unless they believe that there is a danger of destruction of evidence or there is a danger to public safety. It often takes only a phone call to obtain a telephonic warrant.
A police officer in the United States can only physically search your car with a warrant or probable cause, such as seeing a weapon, open container or drug paraphernalia through a window.
Yes.
it isnt
Probable cause.
judge
In the Bill of Rights the fourth amendment says the government must have a warrant and probable cause to search and/or seizure of your property.
In order to obtain a warrant, a police officer / prosecutor must ask a judge to issue the warrant (the application) and submit evidence (usually his own sworn testimony in the form of a written affidavit) that the search/seizure is supported by probable cause.Additional; The "application" for a warrant is called an "affidavit." The statement of probable cause contained in the affidavit MUST satisfy the issuing judge that sufficient probable cause exists to satisfy the law. ONLY after the judge signs the affidavit is a legally sufficient warrant issued.
Police are required to have probable cause, to produce a sworn statement outlining what led to probable cause, the warrant must be particular in regards to the search (desirably leaving nothing to the discretion of the officer), and must be issued by a neutral and detached magistrate.