That depends on the practices of the denomination, but in general the answer is Yes for most main-line denominations (Presbyterians, Lutherans, Methodists, etc.)
If you wish to be married in the Catholic Church and your first marriage was in the church, you will need to apply for an annulment (Catholic divorce) before you can remarry in the church. If you wish to marry in the protestant church, they do not have any laws that I know of that would prevent you from marrying in their church. If you have a civil marriage and no church marriage, then you can get married in the Catholic Church since civil marriages are not recognized as a holy sacrament and the covenant with God did not take place.
Yes, if you have gone through the annulment process. The Catholic Church view marriges in other types of churces as valid marriges, unless one or both of the spouses was Catholic. If this is not the case, the annulment process is much longer and more complicated.
Yes, not only must they take a class, but the Catholic must receive special permission (which is not always given) from the Bishop to have a wedding outside of a Catholic Church. Even if it is outside a Catholic Church, the wedding must still be witnessed by a Catholic priest (deacon, or bishop) or it is not valid.
Yes.
come
It's just the Catholic Church, not the Roman Catholic Church. Roman is an epithet first commonly used in England after the protestant revolt to describe the Catholic Church. It is rarely used by the Catholic Church. King Henry VIII wanted to marry Anne Boleyn but the Holy Father would not give him an annulment of his valid marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
The Catholic Church does not ask for your immigration status.
Yes he can marry in the Catholic Church. Death of a spouse is the only form of 'divorce' recognized by the Catholic Church.
no
yes.
Unlike the Roman Catholic or most Orthodox Churches, Protestant churches allow their ministers to marry. Therefore, within the Methodist Church, ministers are free to marry whom they like.
Catholic priests will refuse to marry anyone not belonging to their faith. A Protestant pastor will do the job.