Dogs can see some pigments and not others. It is very much like red/green colorblindness: they can see blue and yellow, but red and green appear grayish to them.
Accessory pigments are mostly seen through light. The more the light is shown the more pigments there will be.
The colour you get is blue.
Because the amount of sunlight is less and the weather is colder, trees allows the beta carotene (orange pigments), and other pigments, to be more visible compared to when the leaves have more chlorophyll (green pigments).
No, dogs see in black and white.
Dogs see in black & white.
No type of dogs can see in colour, I don't know why though.
Crustaceans have pigments (colors) in their exoskeletons that cause this color. However, you can't see the true color of these pigments before they are cooked because they are complexed (bound) to proteins which interferes with their ability to function as pigments. When the crustacean is cooked, the proteins become damaged (the proteins are said to be 'denatured') and allows the pigments to reflect certain colors, which are the colors we see when the animal is cooked (often orange-red).
Photosynthetic pigments yes
No dogs can not see all colors
Humans see with color. Dogs simply have less cone receptors therefore they do not see light. Dogs only see in black and white.
Sunlight is a mix of all colors. Pigments in the object reflect different colors of light, which you see.
Pigments such as chlorophyll. See related questions