An intermittent crankshaft sensor will not let the engine fire the correct times. This can definitely cause a misfire for the engine.
No
No it will not. The knock sensor is used to adjust the timing.
yes when it is not working properly
it could cause your truck to run in limp mode due to the truck thinking it has a misfire or it could in some cases cause poor fuel economy and plug up your catalytic converters
No it will not.
Yes.
the motor could pre-detonate or "knock" that can cause damage
Yep.
No it will not.
You have another problem other then the knock sensor if the engine will not start and run. A knock sensor will not cause the engine not to run.
No it will not cause it not to run.