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Water heaters can operate without an anode rod.
If tank is not made of steel, then no anode rod is present.
If tank is made from steel or glass-lined steel, then anode rod is necessary for long life of tank. Without anode rod, water will rust tank causing leaks and possible failure where tank bursts open and floods house until water is turned off.
Anode rods are made of lower noble metals than steel water heater tank. When the two metals are connected together, water reacts with lower noble metal first, so the water dissolves anode rod instead of rusting tank. Anode rods should be checked every two-four years, more frequently when water is softened.
Factory-made, gas and electric, steel water heaters come with one or two anode rods installed. Tanks with longer warranties generally have two anode rods. Check manual for specifics. Adding a second anode rod can prolong life of water heater.
Ship hulls and propellers, and steel bridges, and other structures that come in contact with water also have anode rods.
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What causes a bad odor to develop inside your water heater?
Most water heaters have what is called a "sacrafical annode." This is fitted to save the heater from "agressive" water, hence the use of the word sacrafical. The Annode is sacraficed to save the heating vessel. If there is even a tiny amount of hydrogen sulphide (H2s) present in the water, the annode rod will make the problem worse and heated water will smell like rotten eggs. Try removing the annode rod and I bet it will be the end of your problem. Please note that removing the rod may affect your warrenty. I would love to know if this helps, I am pretty sure it will. Regards, Metroman
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