If you're talking about a charger, then yes.
However the laptop might differ in performance/speed/brightness. It depends on which setting your computer is on.
Every laptop is different. If you unplug your AC power adapter from the laptop and it start it up, then your battery is doing the work. If you want to check the opposite, remove the battery and make sure the AC power adapter is plugged in properly and start it up. If your laptop starts up from one form of power but not the other, either your connection is bad or the hardware itself (ex. battery or AC power adapter) is faulty.
If you mean can you plug in an ac adaptor to charge the laptop while the laptop is running, yes, you can. There is no harm to the laptop whatsoever.
A laptop runs on DC. Either from the battery, or the external power supply, which converts AC power to DC.
* Electric Power * battery
Yes, the USB power strip will charge your device when plugged into a laptop.
If you are running the laptop off an AC adapter, there is no problem if you keep the battery out - however I keep my battery in, just in case if there is a power failure.
No. check that the AC Power lead is plugged in and turned on. if the AC power lead is plugged in and turned on and still the battery is discharging, check that the AC power lead is working. this can be done with a multimeter. if the lead is faulty, replacements can be found. check the input power required by the laptop, as too much will blow the laptop up, and not enough will still make it discharge.
Unless the power charge on the battery is very low, it may impact overall performance. But if the battery is over 60% it should be fine. But whenever you unplug the AC power, your screen may get dimmer since it is running from the battery.
Yes, you can. Most laptop will work fine without its battery, some of them will not. Dell is usually of those which do not have such problems.
Make sure the laptop computer is receiving power. (Is the cord plugged in correctly?). When the laptop battery is installed in the computer and it is properly plugged in to an AC outlet, check to see if the fuel gauge is showing a charge sign. If this does not fix the problem, the laptop battery, the power source in the laptop, or the AC power cord may be defective.
DELL AC Adapters are manufactured with ID chips. The Laptop communicates with the AC adapter to find out the type and power rating. When the AC power adapter doesn't answer it doesn't charge the laptop battery. See the related link below for a full explanation of the problem.
No. When a laptop is plugged in, it immediately switches to AC power and begins charging the battery. The battery cannot become "overcharged" because special circuitry in the battery is designed to prevent this.