No.
Do you mean appellate? An appellate court is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal.
Yes they are the court where any case in the federal system begins its life.
Be more specific. Federal Court hears ANY and ALLcases having to do with violations of federal law.
Congress retains the authority to do this. They also have the authority to abolish any federal court except the Supreme Court.
No. There are a variety of federal courts that handle only specific types of law, such as federal tax court. Federal district court, the general trial courts in the federal system, have broad authority to handle trials, but only on matters of federal question or if the federal courts have jurisdiction for some other reason, such as diversity.
I have seen no documentation that disallows a father from representing any relative in a Federal court case.
bankruptcy
The house of Representatives but the Supreme Court must approve of it first.
It has national jurisdiction, and hears appeals from certain subject matters. The remaining 12 have limited geographic jurisdictions, and hear appeals on any type of case.
Criminal - Civil - Tax - Treason - WHAT??? Be more specific. Federal Court hears ANY and ALL cases having to do with violations of federal law.
No, that's backwards. Binding precedents are set from the top-down.US Supreme Court decisions are binding on all relevant federal (and state) courts.US Court of Appeals Circuit Court decisions are binding only on US District Courts within that Circuit.US District Court decisions are not binding on any other Courts.Non-binding precedents, including dissenting opinions, may be cited as persuasive precedents at any level, however.
Article III of the US Constitution mandated that Congress establish a Supreme Court and gave it authority to create any other federal courts it deemed necessary. This was accomplished with the Judiciary Act of 1789.