Article III of the US Constitution mandated that Congress establish a Supreme Court and gave it authority to create any other federal courts it deemed necessary. This was accomplished with the Judiciary Act of 1789.
AnswerNo. Congress established the federal court system in the Judiciary Act of 1789, and has modified the system in subsequent legislation.ExplanationThe Supreme Court is the only federal court established by the Constitution. The remaining federal courts were to be established by the Congress. Article III, Section 1, states: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish."
Federal system
Someone has to have the power to determine what the words and sentences in constitutions and laws mean and how those words and sentences apply to specific sets of facts and circumstances. Courts were established as the entities having that power.
adg
No. The US Constitution vests Congress with the authority to determine the structure of the federal courts, including the US Supreme Court. Congress set the number of justices on the Court at nine in the Judiciary Act of 1869.
No, Article III address the federal court system (Judicial branch); Article II discusses the powers of the President (Executive branch).
State Constitution
Congress established the federal court system with the Judiciary Act of 1789. This legislation created the US Supreme Court, and a small number of District and Circuit Courts. Although Article III of the Constitution mandated a US Supreme Court, it was actually established by the 1789 legislation.Congress has passed a number of other Judiciary Acts since 1789 that have changed the composition of the federal court system.
If you break a federal law (a law that is set by US Statutes and NOT by state statute) your case will be heard in Federal Court.
State Constitution
AnswerNo. Congress established the federal court system in the Judiciary Act of 1789, and has modified the system in subsequent legislation.ExplanationThe Supreme Court is the only federal court established by the Constitution. The remaining federal courts were to be established by the Congress. Article III, Section 1, states: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish."
THe US Constitution is the document that defines the set up of the US federal government.
Federal system
Someone has to have the power to determine what the words and sentences in constitutions and laws mean and how those words and sentences apply to specific sets of facts and circumstances. Courts were established as the entities having that power.
The United States has a dual court system that consists of federal courts and state courts because the federal government and state governments are separate entities. Federal courts generally handle matters related to federal laws, US treaties and the US Constitution. Each state is governed by federal laws, but also has an independent government with its own constitution, laws and local ordinances, and the right to enforce them. The state court system processes cases that arise under their jurisdiction (authority) and ensures defendants and litigants receive due process under the state statutes and constitution, as well as under the US Constitution. The federal courts don't have a right to hear these cases unless they also involve federal or US constitutional law.
No, only Congress can set up the court system according to Article 3 and 1 of the US Constitution
adg