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Cut off ratio for steam engine?

Updated: 10/27/2022
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8y ago

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The cut-off is defined as a percentage of piston stroke, and varies according to the purpose & design of the engine.

On a railway locomotive it is variable by a control in the driving-cab, typically from about 70% in full gear to perhaps 20% or shorter fully "notched up"; in both forwards and reverse travel. (A locomotive can be driven equally well in either direction - though uncomfortably so for the driver.)

Some mill-engines (for driving factory machinery) had variable-expansion valve-gear whose cut-off was controlled by the governor, to obtain efficient operation and constant speed throughout the range of naturally-fluctuating load imposed upon it through the working day.

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Q: Cut off ratio for steam engine?
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Early cut off and late cut off?

An early cut-off and a late cut-off are both involved with steam engines. A late cut-off delivers full steam pressure to move the piston through its entire stroke, so as to enable maximum start-up force. An early cut-off has greater thermodynamic efficiency but results in a lower mean effective pressure, which puts less force on the piston and is used for running the engine at higher speeds.


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