Lamarck would have said that the ancestors of
modern-day giraffes had short necks but stretched
their necks as they tried to reach leaves in trees; so,
their descendants were born with longer necks.
Darwin would have said that in a population of
ancestral giraffes, some had slightly longer necks
than others; the long-necked giraffes were better
able to feed on tree leaves and as a result produced
more offspring. Over time, the proportion of longnecked
giraffes in the population increased.
Darwin's work is referred to as The Great Synthesis because, to build his theory of evolution, Darwin used ideas from other scientists such as Malthus, Lyell, Lamarck, Mendel, Linnaeus, (and probably a few others that I'm forgetting... that geology guy that talked about gradualism?). Anyway, Darwin stands apart from these men because he managed to compile a ton of evidence supporting his hypotheses, and created a coherent theory! So, it's a "synthesis" because he brought lots of facts and ideas together to make his most famous book, "On the Origin of Species."
The neodarwinian synthesis.
The ancient Greeks already had noticed that it's what goes on but Darwin was the first to write down his ideas into a surviving book, with a lot of detailed observations.
Mendel conducted his experiments between 1856 and 1863.Darwin created his theory of natural selection in 1838 and published On the Origin of Species in 1859.
Darwin presented exstensive evidence from many areas of biology to support his ideas
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Lamarck proposed that traits acquired during one's lifetime could be passed to the next generation.
The basic one of evolution. That organisms change over time.
scientist whose ideas about evolution were the same as Darwin's- Wallace geologist who influenced Darwin- Lyell geologist who influenced Darwin- Hutton scientist whose ideas about evolution and adaptation influenced Darwin- Lamarck economist whose ideas about human population influenced Darwin-Malthus
Alfred Russel Wallace,Charles Darwin built the theory of Evolution.Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's ideas also helped.
early 1800s
Lamarck's ideas were that he had a great contribution to the study of evolution.
Lamarck believed an individual organism acquired traits during its lifetime and passed those traits on to its offspring. He lacked support for his ideas. Darwin documented how inherited traits could be passed on by natural selection, that adaptations that give an organism an advantage is passed on through subsequent generations and becomes more common. He had evidence for his ideas (finches, tortoises…).
Around 1793.
is called evolution. There are various theory's as to how this happened including Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, Lamarck's acquired characteristics as well as religious and creationist ideas.
Lamarck led the way for and had ideas that helped Darwin. However, his observations regarding the mechanisms of evolution were, with the exception of one, totally backwards. To summarize Lamarck, he hypothesized that organisms somehow had a choice in their traits and could change to fit the environment (he called these ideas his theories of need and his theory of use and disuse). The part he was correct on was that should an organism change, they would pass the traits on to their offspring. Darwin said, basically, the opposite. Darwin observed that organisms were born with slight differences (variations) and those variations might give some members of a species an advantage in the struggle to survive in the environment. The reward for survival was that the organism got to reproduce and pass those traits on to their offspring. Of course, the offspring might show some variation and the whole process would continue to repeat. However, the bottom line with Darwin (and contrary to Lamarck) was that an organism had no choice in its traits as an organism is born with or without the advantage. Darwin, without knowing its mechanisms, recognized that genetics played a part in evolution. Darwin died not knowing of Mendel's work on genetics which, of course, substantiates Darwin's theory.