Some do, some don't.
In Europe at least, an increasing number of long distance trains have an electricity socket. Local trains are unlikely to have an socket. These are being added as trains are re-furbished, or in new trains, often in first class only as an incentive to travellers to choose first class.
No they do not have electrical outlets
Electrical outlets are wired in parallel.
Yes, electrical outlets can go under windows.
The collective noun for retail outlets is a chain of outlets. The collective noun for electrical outlets is a bank of outlets.
When electrical outlets get old they tend to chip and crack. Also in older outlets the socket gets loose and the plug will not stay in the outlet.
copper
AC, alternating current is used to power electrical outlets in the U.S..
No. The voltage is the same but you'll need an adaptator to use either the English or the European electrical outlets.
500mm from electrical outlets to gas ponit
Yes. But it is possible that some trains do not. You can count on all trains on Amtrak running between Boston and Washington DC, and west to Harrisburg, PA having power outlets available for you. Most trains on these lines also now offer free wireless internet. However, the availability of both may not be available in other areas in the US.
Electrical outlets
red