This would depend on where you are from.
She should not even need a visa, as your wife, if you are a citizen of England.
Yes!
It depends on your wife's country of origin.
United Arab Emirates Emigration put in one year no entry band for your wife because she brake previously employment visa but can you apply husband visa for your wife?"
what right do a wife of a k1 visa for 30 days have in a divorce
A C1 cannot be changed in any circumstances. You will need to apply for a new visa to replace your existing one. If you wish to stay permanently, you will also need to get the appropriate visa and permissions.
You need to go to www.uscis.gov and print Form I-130.
Not automatically. You have to get the appropriate visa and documents.
It is extremely difficult to convert from a visitors visa to any other kind of visa. The best situation would be to apply for a dependent on your student visa and then your wife can accompany you. www.bia.gov.uk should answer some questions.
i have another question for you. why isn't that you guys have not file for a k3 visa?
Yes, people are turned down for VISAs all of the time. Without knowing more specifics about "your wife" and which VISA she applied for in which country, it would be impossible to explain why such an event occurred.
yes she can