Most specifications recommend not heating (annealing) rebar because it can weaken it.
490 JKg-1K-1
In the most severe reactor accident, the fuel will melt and, due to radioactive decay heat, will continue to be very hot. In fact, it will be hot enough to melt through the bottom of the reactor pressure vessel (several inches of steel), and possibly melt/burn through the concrete floor of the reactor building and get into the soil beneath the building. This is what is referred to as the China syndrome, the idea being that the molten mass of fuel is heading toward China on the other side of the earth as it melts through the vessel, concrete, and then soil and rock below the reactor building.
The ability of the metal to resist corrosion in atmosphere with moist.corrosion ocuurs in ferrous materials in which ferrous chemically react with oxygen forming rust or corrosion. Corrosion can be avoided by Heat treatment and surface coating .
Answer Titanium is a great alternative for structural material in terms of weight and strength. Titanium is lighter than Steel and much stronger than Aluminum. It has a low heat transfer rate, which makes it useful for high-heat applications. The one major draw-back with titanium is that it retains heat during maching of part during manufacture due to its low heat transfer rate. Titanium has to be machined at 1/5 the rate of steel, even with plenty of coolant applied to the cutting tool. This is one reason a Titanium part is more expensive; if it takes 5 times longer to machine a part, it will be 5 times more costly. The other reason is that Russia has a monopoly on the titanuium resources. Someone asked me which part would be lighter if made for the same load: Steel, Titanium or ALuminum. I analyzed a simple rod under an axial load and determined the minium size of the optimized rod then calculated its weight. The Titanium rod came out 1/3 lighter than the Steel rod. For bending or other load applications, this ratio will vary. The strength ratio can easily be found by ratioing the Young's Moduls and the unit weight. Fatigue-- A few years ago, Titanium did not have very good fatigue properties. The standard titanium alloy was Titanium 6Al-4V. The fatigue S/N curve of this alloy is very steep; it does not flatten out at the higher cycles as Steel S/N curves will do. However, new alloys have been developed that have much better fatigue properties.
heat capacity of sodiumsulphate
quenching
Heat increases the potential energy and temperature of steel.
can we reduce the heat treatment time in carbon steel through normalizing instead of annealing?
stainless steel
Heat operations caused change in the form physical connection between steel atoms.
Building materials that start with letter R are:railingrockrosewoodredwoodroofingroofing nailsrebar (reinforcing steel bars)· radon detectors · railing· rebar· recessed lighting· registers for heat & air conditioning· reinforcing steel· rocks· roofing shingles· rugs
Jafar Rassizadehghani has written: 'Intercritical heat treatment of C-Mn and 8630 type cast steels' -- subject(s): Carbon steel, Cast Steel, Heat treatment
Steel can be tempered (hardened by heat treatment followed by quenching -cooling).
Because of carburization, quenching(heat treatment of steel) and tempering of quenched steel.
Thomas Goodwin Digges has written: 'Heat treatment and properties of iron and steel [by] Thomas G. Digges and Samuel J. Rosenberg' -- subject(s): Heat treatment, Steel, Iron
good strength for weight, less material used, multi-function (liquids can be circulated through pipe-this was done to assist the curing of the concrete in the Hoover Dam by controlling the terrific heat generated within such a huge mass of concrete. the pipe then became additional reinforcing in the dam. ) easier to weld, can be internally wired
· radon detectors · railing · rebar · recessed lighting · registers for heat & air conditioning · reinforcing steel · rocks · roofing shingles · rugs