The only way is to shut off the inlet valve, purge some water out of the pressure relief and remove the anode (that's it's proper name BTW, not 'dip tube') It is supposed to wear away, so I don't know what you mean about being 'bad'. This should be done every 4-5 years.
If the water pump is bad ussually the heater will stop giving hot air .
plugged evaporator drain tube or the heater core has gone bad
How do I tell if it is bad?
most dip tubes when they go bad don't look like anything at all because there's nothing left to it. when you pull out your cold side nipple which is 3 to 4" inches long then you can pull out your dip tube and inspect it. If your dip tube has cracks in it or holes then I would replace it . Most dip tubes in a water heater tank should be long enough so that the bottom of the dip tube is within 4 to 6" of the bottom of the tank.
Probably a bad heater core.
The heater core is located in the same place.If you have coolant coming from the tube,your heater core is bad and needs to be replaced.
If its a gas water heater then it may be a bad thermostat or the temperature is set very low or in some cases the wind from a storm could blow the pilot flame out and in time the water turns warm then cold. If its a electric water heater it could be that the bottom element is not working or the dip tube is damaged or the set water temperature is set on low.
If electric water heater, usually bottom element going bad. Thermostat might be set too high or is going bad.
when your feet are wet-(the core is leaking!)
collant will start coming out of the hole where the a.c. condensation water comes out against the firewall
Check the heating elements in the water heater. These may be bad and need replaced.
Yes, coolant has to flow correctly for the heater to function.