Because Galileo studied the sky through his telescope, in that studying he witnessed something extraordinary. The full set of phases of Venus. You see in the geocentric model, for the majority of the time all you see is the crescent phase of Venus. But in the heliocentric model it is predicted that you would see the full set of phases, just like the moon. The only way you can see the full set of phases is if Venus travels around the Sun so that you can see more light on it than just what would be allowed from the geocentric model. This observation is what proved the Copernican model at that time.
Also he witnessed the four "Galilean" moons of Jupiter and he reasoned, if moons can orbit a planet then the planets must orbit the Sun. Just a side note.
because he thought an obect as big as mars hit earth
while rocky material cobmined makeing the moon
He met with opposition from astronomers, due to the absence of a method of determining the distance from earth to other stars.
He probably used mathematics and observations, although he was no the first person to propose the idea
Threats from the (holy Roman) church.
Galileo did not prove that Earth was not flat (It had already been agreed that it was round). Galileo invented the telescope and used it to prove that there were objects which did not orbit the Earth, supporting Copernicus' Heliocentric model for the universe. The Earth was known to be round by the ancient Greeks, but I do not who it found out initially (sorry).
That it wasn't the earth that was the center of the solar system but the sun. He tried to explain his theory to the catholic churches but they didn't want to hear it for they didn't like his theory. This caused a contradiction and Galileo was sent to house arrest. He had to publicly say that he was wrong. But Galileo knew he was right and until the day he died he never had a doubt. It was much later that he was proven right.
Galileo was the first person to observe celestial objects using a telescope. His findings supported the notion proposed by Copernicus that the planets orbited the sun rather than Earth and that Earth orbited the sun rather than the other way around.
Yes. Contrary to popular belief, by the time of Copernicus scholars knew Earth to be round.
Through his observation Galileo watched the motions of the planets and the sun. Using triginometry and geometry, he flat out knew that the earth could not be a stationary body. He also knew that the Earth could not be the center of the universe. The math told him otherwise. This was in direction contridiction of church doctrine and more in line with the helocentric theory that Copernicus came up with. Also the phases of Venus that he observed could only be possible if the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun.He also discovered 4 of Jupiter's moons. This showed that there were objects revolving around other planets and not everything revolved around the earth
I believe that was Aristotle. This would be a geocentric universe. Galileo however, knew the universe was heliocentric and was persecuted for it.
Galileo did not prove that Earth was not flat (It had already been agreed that it was round). Galileo invented the telescope and used it to prove that there were objects which did not orbit the Earth, supporting Copernicus' Heliocentric model for the universe. The Earth was known to be round by the ancient Greeks, but I do not who it found out initially (sorry).
Because everyone from the ancient Greeks onwards knew that the Earth is round.
they belive that the earth was flat.
That it wasn't the earth that was the center of the solar system but the sun. He tried to explain his theory to the catholic churches but they didn't want to hear it for they didn't like his theory. This caused a contradiction and Galileo was sent to house arrest. He had to publicly say that he was wrong. But Galileo knew he was right and until the day he died he never had a doubt. It was much later that he was proven right.
Galileo was the first person to observe celestial objects using a telescope. His findings supported the notion proposed by Copernicus that the planets orbited the sun rather than Earth and that Earth orbited the sun rather than the other way around.
Yes. Contrary to popular belief, by the time of Copernicus scholars knew Earth to be round.
Through his observation Galileo watched the motions of the planets and the sun. Using triginometry and geometry, he flat out knew that the earth could not be a stationary body. He also knew that the Earth could not be the center of the universe. The math told him otherwise. This was in direction contridiction of church doctrine and more in line with the helocentric theory that Copernicus came up with. Also the phases of Venus that he observed could only be possible if the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun.He also discovered 4 of Jupiter's moons. This showed that there were objects revolving around other planets and not everything revolved around the earth
Galileo saw the four moons of Jupiter orbiting Jupiter, so he knew that the planets didn't orbit around the Earth.
The Earth and the sky were the two major parts. They knew the Earth was spherical and they assumed the sky was as well.
Hipparchus of Nicea (190-120 BCE)--> earth at the center. Aristarchus of Samos (310-230 BCE) --> sun at the center of the universe... The cast of priests/ engineers of ancient Egyptians (or the ancestors before the Ancient Egyptians) who built the Pyramids knew better: they had what we would now call a modern conception and understanding of the universe, or at least a part of the universe.
They both agreed everything revolves around the Sun. this answer was improved by me! ok the answer is correct, but Copernicus and Galileo believed that all planets including the Earth, revovlves around the Sun which is a ball of plasma (a little science haha!). ARISTOTLE WAS SOOO WRONG WITH PLOTOLOMY! THE PLANETS AND SUN DO NOT REVOVLVE AROUND THE EARTH! AND ARISTOTLE WAS VERY SMART AND PROBABLY THE GREATEST PHILOSOPHER OF all TIME BUT HE SAID MANY THINGS WRONG LIKE ALL MEN ARE BORN SLAVES AND THAT THE PLANET THEORY TOO! SO NOT ALL PHILOSOPHERS ARE RIGHT! the inquisition was wrong of putting Galileo through all that trouble. At the end of the inquisition court, Galileo muttered under his lips, "you fools i am right, the earth does move and does not stay still."