There are two definitions for the term "Palestine". One refers to Mandate for Palestine, which was a British Possession in the Middle East that was all of the land between the Mediterranean Sea, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt (all of Israel and the Palestinian Territories). The other refers exclusively to the Palestinian Territories, which are considered by many to be the areas that a future Palestinian State will occupy (West Bank and Gaza Strip).
Mandate of Palestine
According to the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, all efforts were supposed to develop a future Jewish State in the Mandate. However, in order to placate Arabs, the British began to impede the establishment of the necessary infrastructure, allowing the development of a stronger and larger Arab population. UN Resolution 181 approved the division of the Mandate of Palestine into a Jewish State and an Arab State. The Jews declared independence on their assigned portion of the Mandate of Palestine as per the UN Resolution. They were then forced to defend their state against Arab armies and succeeded, establishing an independent country.
Palestinian Territories
In 1967, in anticipation of an Arab Invasion, Israel launched a pre-emptive war against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. This resulted in the occupation of the Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem, the West Bank, the Sinai Peninsula, the Eastern Bank of the Sea of Galilee, and the Golan Heights. The ceasefire negotiated on June 10, 1967 was enshrined in UNSC Resolution 242 that held that Israel was to return the land to the Arab nations from which it was taken in return for a final and lasting peace treaty. As a result of such peace treaties, the Sinai has been returned to the Egyptians and the Jordanian claim to the West Bank and East Jerusalem has been ceded to the Palestinians. However, as there is no lasting peace between the Israelis and the Palestinians, there is still an Israeli Occupation of the West Bank and an Israeli blockade around Gaza.
Israel, in the area formerly known as Palestine until 1948.
To end violance between palestine and Israel.
The Ottoman Empire controlled Palestine and Israel in the 16th century.
No.
Palestinian Arabs fled Palestine after the establishment of Israel.
The Roman Empire referred to modern-day Israel as Palestine. Modern-day Israel was referred to as Palestine up until 1948. In 1948 the United Nations formed the country of Israel from the Palestine state.
There are over 50 Islamic countries, so Palestine is certainly not the only Islamic country, but if you are considering Israel and Palestine, yes, Palestine is the Islamic country while Israel is the Jewish country.
The British Mandate of Palestine.
In 1944, Israel/Palestine was under British sovereignty as the British Mandate for Palestine.
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Palestine
It wasn't