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Camp X was actually called " SOE location 103" and was a SOE ( Secret Operations Executive" training camp for secret agents who would be inserted in to Occupied Europe, to train the resistance forces, and to spy on the Germans, and send information back to SOE headquarters, in London.

Located just west of Oshawa, Ontario, on 125 acres of farmland on the shore of Lake Ontario, the camp was on the "Top Secret " list, and even locals didn't know what went on there.

A number of buildings were built to provide classrooms and living accomodations, as well as a radio station and transmitter tower. Eventually, that station, called "HYDRA" would become a direct link between Rossevelt and Churchill, thur a series of direct telephone lines in the USA, Canada , and the UK, with the trans Atlantic link provided by HYDRA's radio station. When either leader wanted to spaek direct to the other, the HYDRA system was used, to provide a secure comms link.

Agents were selected from many walks of life, and were both male and female, with language ability the most important quality that was sought after. Being a native speaker of a European langauge was most important, because the other skills could be taught at the school. Many agents had escaped, on their own to Britain, from their home countries, and now they had volunteered to go back as secret agents, knowing that being caught could be their death sentence.

The screening process was very tough, and extensive, to make sure the volunteers were not "doubles" who had been sent by the Germans to work their way into the training program, to find out what was being taught to the agents. Trainees, were constantly being checked, in little ways to find their weakness, such as being awakened from a deep sleep, to see what language they would speak in first. Many were give assigments to "kill" somebody to see if they could do it. These were ways to "test" the agents.

The classes were varied and included radio use, Morse key sending and receiving, costume and makeup, secret writing, inks and dyes, knife and garrote use, parachuting, explosives and sabotage techniques, map reading, training resitance operatives, handling a spy network, German army unit identification, shipp identity, railway systems, and how to make a printing press.

The staff were unusual, as many had previously been criminals, especially those who taught forgery, or how to break into anything, including safes. Some others were regular army officers, but who had special knowledge, such as a man who had been the Senior Officer of the Shangai Police Riot Squad, who was the instructor in un-armed combat. He could fight off 5 men, with out any thing except his hands and feet, and he was 58 years old, too.

Another instructor was Ian Flemming, who later went on to write the James Bond novels. Flemming ran city training, in Toronto, where he taught the agents how to follow someone, and also how to lose a "tail". He also taught the use of brush and spin, the way to hand over a message on the run, and also "blind drops, and pick ups" and mail boxes of various types. He was also the "master of the house" who decided who was ready to go into action, and who needed "more time" at 103.

By 1945, the camp was winding down, as victory was in sight, but in 1946, the place got a new lease on life, with the defection of Soviet intelligence officer, Igor Gouzenko, and his wife and child. They were " stashed " at 103 for over a year, as he filled in the RCMP's secret service interrogators about Soviet spies in the west, including in Canada.

He knew a lot of stuff, and he was singing for his supper. He would become the best source of his times, on Soviet intelligence services and techniques, and in return, Canada paid him a pension and kept RCMP personal protection on him, around the clock for 40 years. He lived in Mississauga, until he died, in 1990.

Now a days, there is nothing left of Camp X, only a memorial next to the lake. A huge Ontario Liquor Board warehouse sits on the site. There is a Camp X musueum, at the Oshawa municipal airport, and a number of books have been written about it, and it's graduates.

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12y ago
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13y ago

The trainees who came out of Camp X contributed to the victory of the war. Commandos and other special forces came out of that camp and did very important missions for both Theaters of the war. The UK had those type of forces too, (Hence, why the training place was in Canada). The Brits had commandos long before the Americans did.

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Q: How did camp x allow the allies to win World War 2?
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