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How did the Russian Revolution change a major social institution?
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
Principally by deposing the reigning House of Romanov,the royal family which had ruled Russia since 1613, and replacing its autocratic monarchy with, first a republic, and then the Communist Dictatorship which lasted from 1917 until the fall of Communism in Russia (dissolution of the U.S.S.R.) in 1991. Since 1991 Russia has been governed as a Federal Republic.
The downfall of the Romanovs began in 1914 with the outbreak of World War 1. Russia was allied with, and bound to come to the defense of, Serbia, which had been attacked by the Austro-Hungarian Empire since a Serbian nationalist had assassinated the Austrian Crown Prince in Sarajevo. There was a huge tangle of alliances throughout Europe, but the main thing was that once the Austrians mobilized their troops to invade Serbia, the Russians had to mobilize, then the Germans and the French and the English and they all toppled like so many dominoes into what was first called The Great War (1914-1918).
Nicholas II of the House of Romanov was Tsar (Emperor, sometimes spelled Czar) of All The Russias at the time. Poor Nicholas hadn't ever really wanted to be Tsar at all, and when his father, Alexander III died of kidney disease when Nicholas was only 26, Nicholas reputedly said, "I do not want it. I am not a Tsar." But like all hereditary monarchs, he was Tsar whether he liked it or not. And even though he didn't like being Tsar, he wouldn't consider any constitutional reforms that might have saved his monarchy. Nicholas answered any sort of unrest with deadly force. Nicholas didn't know it, but he was becoming very unpopular.
Russian Tsars had, for centuries, been the most autocratic of all the Crowned Heads of Europe. Even Germany had a more constitutional monarchy in 1914 than did Russia. The Russian peasants supposedly adored the man they called their Little Father, and when the war broke out it was the Russian peasant's son who fought it. And died. And died. The Russian high command, with few exceptions, was incompetent, and Nicholas himself insisted on personally going to the front and taking command of the Armies, as he thought a Tsar should. This from the man who had once said, "I am not a Tsar." He also was no General!
The upshot was devastating chaos, terrible battle losses (the Russian Army was essentially annihilated at Tannenburg in 1914), general officers going off into the forest and shooting themselves, bread riots at home and finally the forced abdication of Tsar Nicholas and the declaration of a Republican government in March, 1917.
The problem was that the Republican government was hardly stronger than the Tsar had been, plus they wanted to continue the now-unpopular war with Germany. The result of that was that the Bolsheviks (Communists) usurped the Republican Revolution and took over the country in the October Revolution of 1917. They held Nicholas and his family hostage while civil war raged. Finally, when the Bolsheviks feared that the White Russian supporters of the Tsar were getting a little too close to rescuing him in 1918, the Bolsheviks shot the entire royal family, including all the children and their closest servants, in the basement of a house in what is now Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk during the Communist period). It's not clear if orders were actually given to shoot anyone, much less the children, but it gave the Communist government a world wide black eye as murderers of children which lasted pretty much until 1991.
After the downfall of Communism, the remains of the Tsar and his family were brought back to the ancient capital of the Tsars at St. Petersburg and reburied in the St. Catherine Chapel in the St. Peter and Paul Fortress where all the Tsars since Peter the Great lie. The entire family were named saints by the Orthodox Church. There are still surviving Romanovs, but an imperial restoration is highly unlikely. Most of us just hope that Republican government in Russia continues to thrive. Well over 70 years of Cold War with the Russians was quite enough for one century.
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
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Looking at the causes of the American Revolution of 1776 and the French Revolution of 1789 and the Russian Revolution of 1917 what conclusions can be made as to when a revolution is likely to occur?
When those in power are resistant to change. I would say the best answer is when there are social inequities -- perceived or actual.
Which social institution played a significant role in instigating social change during the civil rights movement?
the church
Which social change occurred during the industrial revolution?
The social change that was brought about during the early industrial revolution was the emergence of the middle class and the working class. It brought more jobs to the cities and improved living conditions for many people.
What role did the nobility peasant the church Russian orthodox Lenin Karl Marx Trotsky and Stalin play in the Russian Revolution?
The Russian nobility was a group thatarose in the 14th century and essentially governedRussia until the October Revolution of 1917. As in other countries, nobility was a status, a social category, but not a title.
What were the causes of the march Revolution?
The February Revolution (on Woman's Day in March) involved mass demonstrations and armed fights with police and the loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. Causes of the revolution were political and economic instability, technological backwardness and fundamental social divisions.
What is social change?
Social change refers to the transformation of societal norms, beliefs, behaviors, and structures. It can involve shifting attitudes, values, and systems to create positive impacts in society. Social change may be driven by various factors, including technological advancements, cultural shifts, political movements, and advocacy efforts.
Looking at the causes of the American Revolution of 1776 and the French Revolution of 1789 and the Russian Revolution of 1917 what conclusions can be made as to when a revolution is likely to occur?
When those in power are resistant to change. I would say the best answer is when there are social inequities -- perceived or actual.
What are 3 social causes of the Russian revolution?
The 3 social causes of the Russian Revolution were oppression, failure in World War 1, and failure with land reform. This caused a major disturbance amongst citizens in the country, which led to hostile actions.
Which social institution played a significant role in instigating social change during the civil rights movement?
the church
What was the Revolution of 1905 about?
The other name used for the revolution of 1905 is Viva La Resistance. This revolution occurred in Russia and lasted for just over 2 years.
What discovery or social change could be responsible for an emerging fifth social revolution?
Social media can be considered a fifth social revolution. Social media has changed the way people communicate and who they communicate with.
How did world war 1 bring about the Russian revolution?
in its immediate and long term effects, the Russian revolution was more like the French Revolution than the American revolution. the American revolution expanded English political ideas into a constitutional government that built on many existing structures. in contrast, both the Russian and french revolutions attempted to destroy existing social and political structures.
How did world war 1 help bring about the Russian revolution?
in its immediate and long term effects, the Russian revolution was more like the French Revolution than the American revolution. the American revolution expanded English political ideas into a constitutional government that built on many existing structures. in contrast, both the Russian and french revolutions attempted to destroy existing social and political structures.
The American revolution led to the overthrow of british control over thirteen original colonies?
social change
What was evident in the industrial revolution which brought social change?
radios!
How did world war 1 help to bring about the Russian?
in its immediate and long term effects, the Russian revolution was more like the French Revolution than the American revolution. the American revolution expanded English political ideas into a constitutional government that built on many existing structures. in contrast, both the Russian and french revolutions attempted to destroy existing social and political structures.
What is the relevance of social change?
Social changes occur with each generation and set of values. Social changes can be positive or negative, but are a response to the environment and social values of each given generation.
