The sodium ion has less electrons than protons whereas the sodium atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons
A sodium atom contains eleven electrons and has a net neutral electrical charge, because the atom also contains eleven protons. A sodium ion contains only ten electrons and has an electrical charge of +1, because it also contains 11 protons.
A sodium ion differs from a sodium atom in that the sodium ion has a missing electron electron. It has a positive charge, as opposed to the atom, which is neutral.
Neon is isoelectronic with the sodium ion.
Sodium Atom
what does an atom have in common with an ion?
When a sodium atom forms an ion, it loses one electron from its outer shell. This loss of an electron leaves the sodium atom with a positive charge, as it now has one more proton than electrons. This results in the formation of a sodium ion, specifically a sodium cation with a charge of +1.
While a sodium ion and neon atom both have 10 electrons they are of different elements as a neon atom has 10 protons while sodium has 11. As a result the neon atom is neutral while the sodium ion carries a positive charge. So neon can exist on its own as a gas while sodium ion needs a negative ion to balance its charge and form an ionic solid.
Sodium has 11 electrons.
Actually, when sodium forms an ionic bond with chlorine, the sodium atom donates one electron to chlorine, resulting in the formation of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion. The sodium ion becomes Na+ and the chloride ion becomes Cl-.
Sodium ionSodium, Na, becomes a single positive cation Na+
When the neutral atom of sodium lose an electron become the cation Na+.