By painting over with good primer.
Yes, you can.
If by top layer you mean the paper, then re-install drywall on that wall.
You can't. Prime over it with a good primer.
When you want to paint over drywall you want to make sure any scars or gouges are filled. Make sure that any marks made by pen or what not is primered so it doesn't bleed through. Your best bet would to be spray and texture the rock, and then paint.
take paint brush, dip in red paint, brush over white spots ;)
Get a new dry wall or paint over it. The stain stainsthe wall, so you can pretty much only paint over it.
Not worth trying. -Just paint over it with a good thick paint like Behr premium.
If you used the right paint, Bathroom paint, 2 top coats, over primmer,over greenboard primmer, over greenboard or paperless drywall, then no.
You have a problem with the drywall. It is not a problem with the paint. Most likely it is moisture or some kind of contamination on the wall that is pulling it off the drywall. Another issue to consider is if you have too many coats on the wall the weight of all the coats of paint can cause stress and pull everything off. If the paint is not peeling everywhere and is just peeling in certain places the paint did not fail. (Paint does not choose where it will peel and where it will adhere).
drywall putty!! fill in the holes with drywall putty, let it dry, then sand it and paint over it... it will look as good as new!!
Yes you can. Best sand it lightly for for any bumps - I use a regular drywall sander on a 5ft. pole for this.
yes.