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Valency relates to atoms not molecules. A valency of one means that an atom can form one bond. Chlorine has 7 electrons in its outer shell, so forming one bond achieves the octet, so it is said to have has a valency of one. In Cl2 there is a single bond. Hydrogen has just one electron in its outer shell so forming a bond gives it a full shell of two like helium, it therefore has a valency of one. In H2 there is a single bond. In HCL there is a single bond.

Valency is an old idea, predating Lewis diagrams, octets, and energy levels. It was the number of hydrogen atoms an elemnt could bond to.

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Q: How does Cl2 having valency 0 react with H2 also having valency 0 to form HCl with covalent bond?
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