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This is an especially complicated valency problem, because Fe3O4 is a combination of Fe2O3 and FeO. As usual, except in peroxides and superoxides, oxygen is assigned a valency of -2. This means that the iron in Fe2O3 has a valency of +3 while the iron in FeO has a valency of +2. (Note that these two oxides of iron also occur separately from each other, as well as in Fe3O4.) Therefore, the average valency of iron in Fe3O4 is 8/3, a rare example of fractional valency made possible only by the fact that iron in this compound actually exists in two integral valence states in the same compound.

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Q: How do you find the valency of each element in Fe3O4?
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