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How does a 4 cycle engine work?

Updated: 10/19/2022
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The 4 cycles represent the strokes that the piston makes as it travels up and down the engine cylinder. Generally considered to be the first cycle (stroke) is the downward stroke commonly referred to as the intake stroke because during that stroke it pulls a mixture of air and fuel into the cylinder.

The following (2nd) stroke is called the compression stroke because it compresses the air and fuel mixture as the piston travels upward.

As the piston approaches the top of it's travel on the compression stroke, the spark plug (in gasoline fired engine) is energized by an electrical charge causing a spark to jump across the 'gap' of the spark plug. This spark ignites the fuel and air mixture. The resultant 'explosion' then drives the piston downward on the 3rd stroke which is called the power stroke.

When the piston reaches the lowest point of its downward travel, the exhaust valve opens and the movement of the piston upward on its 4th cycle (aka Exhaust stroke) pushes the burnt gas mixture out of the cylinder into the exhaust system and the 4 cycles begin all over again.

Because the bottom of the piston is attached to the crank shaft it causes the crank shaft to rotate. This rotation is transmitted to whatever mechanical need the engine is to supply. On a car, it turns the wheels. On a lawn mower it turns the cutting blade.

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Q: How does a 4 cycle engine work?
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