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A common misconception is that proton 1 in the nucleus attracts electron 1 in the orbitals, proton 2 attracts electron 2, etc. This is very, very wrong: every proton attracts every electron all at once.

Further electrons, as in beyond the neutral charge, are attracted in the same way as all other electrons, and held subject to a) repulsion and shielding from other electrons and b) remaing gaps in orbitals to fit them.

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Q: How does an electron that was transferred to the shell of another atom stay there without another proton in the nucleus attracting it?
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