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Which cytokines act as a signal between leukocytes?
interleukines
What act as intracellular signals to begin the immune response?
Cytokines
Why does a particular vaccine give immunity against one disease only?
That is a good question! In the vaccine, you have few proteins, that are derived from particular organism only. The antibodies are very specific. They act against the particular proteins only. So from the given vaccine, you get specific antibodies. Those antibodies will act against that particular organism only.
What causes the symptoms of histiocytosis?
substances called cytokines and prostaglandins, which are normally produced by histiocytes and act as messengers between cells
Systemic and local effects of inflammation?
The macrophages release cytokines interleukin-1 and 6 as well as necrosis factor-alpha in response to the release of inflammatory chemical after tissue injury. These cytokines produce local vascular effects, increasing the expression of adhesion molecules and promoting vascular permeability. They then simulate the release of corticotrophin releasing hormone at the hypothalamus, resulting in the release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone from the anterior pituirary. These adrenocorticotropic hormones act at the adrenal cortex to cause cortisol release. The cytokines then simulate the production of acute phase proteins in the liver through direct action and the release of cortisol.
What does proteins act as?
Enzymes
Proteins that act as biological catalysts are called?
Proteins that act as biological catalyst are called enzymes.
What do proteins do for the cells?
Proteins act as enzymes in cells to control reactions.
What are two roles of the membrane proteins?
There are two main roles of the membrane proteins. Membrane proteins act as channels across the lipid bilayer. They also act as carrier molecules that transfer substances across the membrane.
Why enzymes are made up of proteins?
Enzymes are proteins but not all proteins are enzymes.
What are macromolecule that can act as an enzymes?
Proteins
What is the definition of the word cytokine?
A cytokine is a regulatory protein released by a cell in the immune system. Cytokines act as intercellular mediators when the body is generating an immune response.
