The farthest east area with Muslim-majority population are the Halmahera Islands in the Indonesian archipelago.
By the year 700, Islam had only spread as far east as Iran. However, in the early 700s, (715, 730), Islam had conquered Pakistan, Afghanistan, and some of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
PERSIA
There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.There were no advances of any consequence during Cleopatra's reign. It was stagnant.. The two things that could loosely be considered advancements, were the addition of territory in exchange for her support of Antony's war and her enlargement of the library at Alexandria. Her additional territory was soon lost. The books that were added to the library were a gift from Antony from the library at Pergamum.
Initially it was mainly the Alexandrian scholars, then during the Dark Ages, mainly the Muslim scholars.
The Athenian empire forces until they were progressively defeated in the later stages of the 27-year war.
Many art historians believe that Muslim architecture is among the finest ever created. The architecture includes intricate inlays and reliefs depicting stylized typography and floral designs. Much Muslim art consists of stylized Arabic typography, in other words, the script used in writing. Some western religious art during the Renaissance was created by Muslim craftsmen and includes "hidden" Arabic script quoting the Quran. Although many Muslims believe that depiction of human beings is forbidden by the Quran, art from the Ottoman period includes the human face and form.
Historians have long debated the event that sparked the Renaissance. It is very often attributed the Petrarch's discovery of Cicero's letters, but Muslim knowledge acquired during the Crusades also had a profound contribution on Europeans' renewed interest in academia.
PERSIA
Two changes that the Rightly Guided Caliphs made during their rule was the institution of consultation and meetings of the council.
A mameluk was a slave soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages.
During early times, the rulers were the Caliphs who were elected after Muhammad died.
A mameluk was a slave soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages.
It depends how you read this question.If by the "the Caliphs" you are referring to the four Rightly-Guided Caliphs, they were followed by Mu'awiya, the founder of the Umayyad Dynasty of Caliphs. If you are referring to the Caliphate as an institution, it was abolished in 1924 by the Republic of Turkey. However, most Muslim countries had operated with sovereign governments during the period of the Caliphate (in much the same way that most Catholic countries are not directly ruled by the Pope) and even the Caliph in the Ottoman Empire was purely a religious authority since the Ottoman Sultan wielded political power.
1. Abu-Bakr2. Umar3. Uthman4. AliBecause they used the Qur'an and Muhammad's actions as guides to their leadership.Mustang523- The rightly guided caliphs also cared about spreading Islam unlike the Umayyads who only cared about wealth and riches. The rightly guided caliphs are given this name also because they had strong leadership and they were wise. During the rightly guided caliphs rein, they conquered many new lands.I hope you all got a good answer from this that i wrote. :]
Generally it was the crusaders invading Muslim territory, but many battles were also prompted by Muslim warriors ambushing the Crusaders
Saudi Arabia has numerous tribes that operate within its borders, but lacks actual minorities because of the expulsions of non-Muslims from Saudi Arabia during the times of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and the continued resistance of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to allow immigrants to become citizens.
Most citizens of the Arab World did not believe that the Umayyad should rule on account of their holiness or conduct. They became rulers because of political finagling during the Fitna Al-Kubra (The Great Islamic Civil War). The Umayyad were capable governors and powerful conquerors, organizing the Empire and expanding it both East and West. People tolerated them, but they were not respected the way that the four Rightly-Guided Caliphs were respected.
Fasting is main activity of Muslim in Ramdan.
After Muhammad's death, a series of caliphs succeeded him in leading the Muslim community. The spread of Islam continued rapidly across the Arabian Peninsula and beyond during this period. This led to the establishment of the Islamic empire and the transformation of Arabia into a major center of power and influence in the region.