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I assume you're asking how can you tell which is positive and which is negative? The red cable is positive in the black cable is negative. But if they are not color-coded the positive battery post is slightly larger than the negative battery post. If you try to connect the negative cable to the positive post it would be a tight fit and if you connect the positive cable to the negative post it would be loose.

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Q: How they know that cable of battery is positive and the other one is negative?
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